Direct/Indirect Speech


Dalam pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, Direct/Indirect adalah suatu kalimat langsung (Direct) atau tidak langsung (Indirect) dalam sebuah pembicaraan. Untuk lebih jelasnya, berikut contoh kalimatnya.
·         Statement

DIRECT
INDIRECT

Simple Present

Simple Past

S + V1 + Obj

S + V2 + Obj
e.g.
Direct              : Ron said, “My father is sleepy.”
Indirect           : Ron said that his father was sleepy.
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DIRECT
INDIRECT

Present Continuous

Past Continuous

S + to be + V-ing+ Obj

S + to be2 (was/were) + V-ing + Obj
e.g.
Direct              : Luna said, “I am watching Titanic movie.”
Indirect           : Luna said that she was watching Titanic movie.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DIRECT
INDIRECT

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

S + has/have + V3 + Obj

S + had + V3 + Obj
e.g.
Direct              : Neville said, “I have finished my homework.”
Indirect           : Neville said that he hadn’t finished his homework.
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DIRECT
INDIRECT

Simple Past

Past Perfect

S + V2 + Obj

S + had + V3 + Obj
 e.g.
Direct              : Ginny said, “I came to Luna’s birthday party last night.”
Indirect           : Ginny said that she had come to Luna’s birthday party previous night.
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DIRECT
INDIRECT

Simple Future

Past Future

S + will + V1 + Obj

S + would + V1 + Obj
 e.g.
Direct              : Lucius said, “I will come to your house tomorrow.”
Indirect           : Lucius said that he would come to my house the following day.
 
·         Interrogative (Question)
In this sentence, they have same grammar, but if we change the direct tense into indirect we must put “if or “whether if we use Yes/No Question.
 
-          Simple Present
e.g.
Direct              : Lucius asked me, “Do you invite me?”
Indirect           : Lucius asked me if I invited him.
*that’s Yes/No Question*
 
-          Present Continuous
e.g.
Direct              : Mrs. McGonagall asked Jim, “What are you doing in my office?”
Indirect           : Mrs. McGonagall asked Jim what he was doing in her office.
*that’s W-H Question*
 
 
-          Present Perfect
e.g.
Direct              : Mike asked Kimberly, “Have you finished your homework?”
Indirect           : Mike asked Kimberly if she had finished her homework.
*that’s W-H Question*
 
-          Simple Past
e.g.
Direct              : I asked him, “Did you see the accident last night?”
Indirect           : I asked him if he had seen the accident previous day.
*that’s Yes/No Question*
 
-          Simple Past
e.g.
Direct              : I asked Rachel, “Will you be here at 10AM?”
Indirect           : I asked Rachel if she would be there at 10AM.
*that’s Yes/No Question*
 
 
·         Imperative
Imperative is use to ask person to do something what speaker ask. In this sentence, we must put “to” if we want to change a direct speech into indirect. Look at the examples below.
 
e.g.
Direct        : Susi told Mike, “Go away and don’t come back to me anymore!”
Indirect     : Susi told Mike to go away and not to come back to her anymore.
 
Direct        : I said to Dave, “Speak more slowly. I can’t get it.”
Indirect     : I said to Dave to speak more slowly, (because) I can’t get it.




(Sumber: Catatan perkuliahan Bahasa Inggris)

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