Direct/Indirect Speech

Dalam pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, Direct/Indirect adalah suatu kalimat langsung (Direct) atau tidak langsung (Indirect) dalam sebuah pembicaraan. Untuk lebih jelasnya, berikut contoh kalimatnya.

·         Statement

DIRECT	INDIRECT
Simple Present	Simple Past
S + V1 + Obj	S + V2 + Obj

e.g.

Direct              : Ron said, “My father is sleepy.”

Indirect           : Ron said that his father was sleepy.

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DIRECT	INDIRECT
Present Continuous	Past Continuous
S + to be + V-ing+ Obj	S + to be2 (was/were) + V-ing + Obj

e.g.

Direct              : Luna said, “I am watching Titanic movie.”

Indirect           : Luna said that she was watching Titanic movie.

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DIRECT	INDIRECT
Present Perfect	Past Perfect
S + has/have + V3 + Obj	S + had + V3 + Obj

e.g.

Direct              : Neville said, “I have finished my homework.”

Indirect           : Neville said that he hadn’t finished his homework.

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DIRECT	INDIRECT
Simple Past	Past Perfect
S + V2 + Obj	S + had + V3 + Obj

 e.g.

Direct              : Ginny said, “I came to Luna’s birthday party last night.”

Indirect           : Ginny said that she had come to Luna’s birthday party previous night.

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DIRECT	INDIRECT
Simple Future	Past Future
S + will + V1 + Obj	S + would + V1 + Obj

 e.g.

Direct              : Lucius said, “I will come to your house tomorrow.”

Indirect           : Lucius said that he would come to my house the following day.

 

·         Interrogative (Question)

In this sentence, they have same grammar, but if we change the direct tense into indirect we must put “if” or “whether” if we use Yes/No Question.

 

-          Simple Present

e.g.

Direct              : Lucius asked me, “Do you invite me?”

Indirect           : Lucius asked me if I invited him.

*that’s Yes/No Question*

 

-          Present Continuous

e.g.

Direct              : Mrs. McGonagall asked Jim, “What are you doing in my office?”

Indirect           : Mrs. McGonagall asked Jim what he was doing in her office.

*that’s W-H Question*

 

 

-          Present Perfect

e.g.

Direct              : Mike asked Kimberly, “Have you finished your homework?”

Indirect           : Mike asked Kimberly if she had finished her homework.

*that’s W-H Question*

 

-          Simple Past

e.g.

Direct              : I asked him, “Did you see the accident last night?”

Indirect           : I asked him if he had seen the accident previous day.

*that’s Yes/No Question*

 

-          Simple Past

e.g.

Direct              : I asked Rachel, “Will you be here at 10AM?”

Indirect           : I asked Rachel if she would be there at 10AM.

*that’s Yes/No Question*

 

 

·         Imperative

Imperative is use to ask person to do something what speaker ask. In this sentence, we must put “to” if we want to change a direct speech into indirect. Look at the examples below.

 

e.g.

Direct        : Susi told Mike, “Go away and don’t come back to me anymore!”

Indirect     : Susi told Mike to go away and not to come back to her anymore.

 

Direct        : I said to Dave, “Speak more slowly. I can’t get it.”

Indirect     : I said to Dave to speak more slowly, (because) I can’t get it.

(Sumber: Catatan perkuliahan Bahasa Inggris)